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B. soroeensis male resting. |
Kallobombus
ecology
and behaviour
HABITAT:
Open grasslands and mountain meadows.
FOOD-PLANTS:
Short tongue-length bumblebees visiting shallow
flowers.
NESTING
BEHAVIOUR:
Nests underground. Non-pocket makers except for
the early broods.
MATE-SEARCHING
BEHAVIOUR:
Males patrol circuits of scent marks.
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Subgenus
KALLOBOMBUS Dalla Torre
Bombus (Kallobombus) Dalla Torre, 1880:40,
type-species Apis soroeensis Fabricius (= Bombus
soroeensis (Fabricius)) by subsequent designation
of Sandhouse, 1943:561
Bombus (Callobombus) Dalla Torre, 1896:503,
unjustified emendation
Bombus (Soroeensibombus) Vogt, 1911:63,
type-species Apis soroeensis Fabricius (= Bombus
soroeensis (Fabricius)) by monotypy
[Bombus (Soroensibombus) Ball, 1914:78,
incorrect subsequent spelling]
[Sorocoënsibombus Skorikov, [1923]:
map 15, incorrect subsequent spelling]
Bombus
(Kl.) soroeensis (Fabricius)
Cardui (Müller, 1776:165
[Apis])
foroeenfis [soroeensis] (Fabricius, [1777,
see Baker, 1996a:9]:246
[Apis])
Proteus Gerstaecker, 1869:325
perplexus Radoszkowski, 1884:82,
not of Cresson, 1863:91
(= B. perplexus
Cresson)
Radoszkowskyi Dalla Torre, 1890:139,
replacement name for perplexus Radoszkowski,
1884:82
miniatocaudatus Vogt, 1909:56
102 names
NOMENCLATURE:
The orthography of Fabricius (1777)
employs a long 's' (similar to 'f' or 'f'), a
common practice of the period. This convention has since
changed and recent authors have consistently used 's'.
Baker
(1996a) established
that the name B. cardui has narrow priority over
B. soroeensis by publication date.
Although B. cardui is the oldest available name
for this species, the name B. soroeensis has
been in common use for the species since 1950 (e.g.
Tkalcu, 1969, 1975;
Løken, 1973;
Alford, 1975; Delmas,
1976; Pekkarinen, 1979;
Reinig, 1981; Özbek,
1983; Rasmont, 1983;
Ito, 1985; Ornosa, 1986a;
Rasmont et al., 1995).
The only publications using the name B. cardui
since 1950 are those of Baker (1996a,
b). Using this name contrary to the purpose of priority
is not accepted by the Code (ICZN, 1999:
Article 23), and so cannot justify the continued use
of the name B. cardui in place of B. soroeensis.
It is suggested that, in the interests of stability,
the prevailing usage of B. soroeensis be maintained
(in prep.).
MORPHOLOGY:
photos of male genitalia.
DISTRIBUTION:
Palaearctic Region.
NOTES
on this species in Britain.
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