Mr Ashley King

Grants

Making a solar system: A recipe for worlds
Role: Principal investigatorRussell S
Co-investigator: king A
Total value £304,310 (to Museum £304,310)
Dates: 2018 - 2021

Memberships

Fellow, Royal Astronomical Society, London, United Kingdom, 2018 - 2019.

Member, The Meteoritical Society.

Publications

Heard R, Spratt J, King A, Rumsey M, Russell S, Mohr-Westheide T, Salge T (2022) SEM/EDS that is out of this world! Enhancing low voltage quantification for extra terrestrial samples. INTERM 2022, 224 4 - 22 4 4

Suttle MD, King AJ, Ramkissoon NK, Bonato E, Franchi IA, Malley J, Schofield PF, Najorka J, Salge T, Russell SS (2022) Alteration conditions on the CM and CV parent bodies – Insights from hydrothermal experiments with the CO chondrite Kainsaz. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 318 : 83 - 111. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2021.11.028

King AJ, Russell SS, Schofield PF, Humphreys‐Williams ER, Strekopytov S, Abernethy FAJ, Verchovsky AB, Grady MM (null) The alteration history of the Jbilet Winselwan CM carbonaceous chondrite: An analog for C‐type asteroid sample return. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, doi: 10.1111/maps.13224

Schofield PF, King AJ, Mosselmans JFW, Kaulich B, Abyaneh M, Araki T, Russell SS (2018) THE SETTINGS OF AQUEOUS ALTERATION IN THE EARLY SOLAR SYSTEM: AN X-RAY SPECTROMICROSCOPY INVESTIGATION OF THE MURCHISON CM2 CHONDRITE. METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE 53 : 6259 - 6259.

Lee MR, Lindgren P, King AJ, Greenwood RC, Franchi IA, Sparkes R (2016) Elephant Moraine 96029, a very mildly aqueously altered and heated CM carbonaceous chondrite: Implications for the drivers of parent body processing. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 187 : 237 - 259. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2016.05.008

Bonato E, King AJ, Schofield PF, Lee MR, Russell SS (2016) MAKING AN ASTEROID: EFFECTS OF THERMAL METAMORPHISM ON CO3 METEORITES AS DETERMINED BY XRD. METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE 51 : A172 - A172.

King AJ, Solomon JR, Schofield PF, Russell SS (2015) Characterising the CI and CI-like carbonaceous chondrites using thermogravimetric analysis and infrared spectroscopy. Earth, Planets and Space, 67 (1) : doi: 10.1186/s40623-015-0370-4

King AJ, Schofield PF, Howard KT, Russell SS (2015) Modal mineralogy of CI and CI-like chondrites by X-ray diffraction. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 165 : 148 - 160. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2015.05.038

King AJ, Schofield PF, Russell SS (2015) THERMAL ALTERATION OF CI AND CM CHONDRITES: MINERALOGICAL CHANGES AND METAMORPHIC TEMPERATURES. METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE 50 :

Vaccaro E, King AJ, Najorka J, Starkey NA, Franchi IA, Russell SS (2015) IN-SITU MICRO-XRD COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MIL 07687 AND ALHA77307 MATRIX.. METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE 50 :

Bechtel HA, Flynn GJ, Allen C, Anderson D, Ansari A, Bajt S, Bastien RK, Bassim N, Borg J, Brenker FE, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Burghammer M, Butterworth AL, Changela H, Cloetens P, Davis AM, Doll R, Floss C, Frank DR, Gainsforth Z, Grün E, Heck PR, Hillier JK, Hoppe P, Hudson B, Huth J, Hvide B, Kearsley A, King AJ, Lai B, Leitner J, Lemelle L, Leroux H, Leonard A, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Nittler LR, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Postberg F, Price MC, Sandford SA, Tresseras J-AS, Schmitz S, Schoonjans T, Silversmit G, Simionovici AS, Solé VA, Srama R, Stadermann FJ, Stephan T, Sterken VJ, Stodolna J, Stroud RM, Sutton S, Trieloff M, Tsou P, Tsuchiyama A, Tyliszczak T, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Von Korff J, Westphal AJ, Wordsworth N, Zevin D, Zolensky ME (2014) Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination III: Infrared spectroscopic analysis of interstellar dust candidates. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 49 (9) : 1548 - 1561. doi: 10.1111/maps.12125

Brenker FE, Westphal AJ, Vincze L, Burghammer M, Schmitz S, Schoonjans T, Silversmit G, Vekemans B, Allen C, Anderson D, Ansari A, Bajt S, Bastien RK, Bassim N, Bechtel HA, Borg J, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Butterworth AL, Changela H, Cloetens P, Davis AM, Doll R, Floss C, Flynn G, Fougeray P, Frank DR, Gainsforth Z, Grün E, Heck PR, Hillier JK, Hoppe P, Hudson B, Huth J, Hvide B, Kearsley A, King AJ, Lai B, Leitner J, Lemelle L, Leroux H, Leonard A, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Nittler LR, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Postberg F, Price MC, Sandford SA, Tresseras J-AS, Simionovici AS, Solé VA, Srama R, Stadermann F, Stephan T, Sterken VJ, Stodolna J, Stroud RM, Sutton S, Trieloff M, Tsou P, Tsuchiyama A, Tyliszczak T, Von Korff J, Wordsworth N, Zevin D, Zolensky ME (2014) Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination V: XRF analyses of interstellar dust candidates at ESRF ID13. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 49 (9) : 1594 - 1611. doi: 10.1111/maps.12206

Butterworth AL, Westphal AJ, Tyliszczak T, Gainsforth Z, Stodolna J, Frank DR, Allen C, Anderson D, Ansari A, Bajt S, Bastien RK, Bassim N, Bechtel HA, Borg J, Brenker FE, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Burghammer M, Changela H, Cloetens P, Davis AM, Doll R, Floss C, Flynn G, Grün E, Heck PR, Hillier JK, Hoppe P, Hudson B, Huth J, Hvide B, Kearsley A, King AJ, Lai B, Leitner J, Lemelle L, Leroux H, Leonard A, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Nittler LR, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Postberg F, Price MC, Sandford SA, Sans͂ Tresseras J-A, Schmitz S, Schoonjans T, Silversmit G, Simionovici AS, Solé VA, Srama R, Stadermann FJ, Stephan T, Sterken VJ, Stroud RM, Sutton S, Trieloff M, Tsou P, Tsuchiyama A, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Von Korff J, Wordsworth N, Zevin D, Zolensky ME (2014) Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination IV: Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy analyses of impact features in the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 49 (9) : 1562 - 1593. doi: 10.1111/maps.12220

Flynn GJ, Sutton SR, Lai B, Wirick S, Allen C, Anderson D, Ansari A, Bajt S, Bastien RK, Bassim N, Bechtel HA, Borg J, Brenker FE, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Burghammer M, Butterworth AL, Changela H, Cloetens P, Davis AM, Doll R, Floss C, Frank D, Gainsforth Z, Grün E, Heck PR, Hillier JK, Hoppe P, Hudson B, Huth J, Hvide B, Kearsley A, King AJ, Leitner J, Lemelle L, Leroux H, Leonard A, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Nittler LR, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Postberg F, Price MC, Sandford SA, Tresseras J-AS, Schmitz S, Schoonjans T, Silversmit G, Simionovici A, Sol VA, Srama R, Stadermann FJ, Stephan T, Sterken V, Stodolna J, Stroud RM, Trieloff M, Tsou P, Tsuchiyama A, Tyliszczak T, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Von Korff J, Westphal AJ, Wordsworth N, Zevin D, Zolensky ME (2014) Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination VII: Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence analysis of six Stardust interstellar candidates measured with the Advanced Photon Source 2-ID-D microprobe. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 49 (9) : 1626 - 1644. doi: 10.1111/maps.12144

Frank DR, Westphal AJ, Zolensky ME, Gainsforth Z, Butterworth AL, Bastien RK, Allen C, Anderson D, Ansari A, Bajt S, Bassim N, Bechtel HA, Borg J, Brenker FE, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Burghammer M, Changela H, Cloetens P, Davis AM, Doll R, Floss C, Flynn G, Grün E, Heck PR, Hillier JK, Hoppe P, Hudson B, Huth J, Hvide B, Kearsley A, King AJ, Lai B, Leitner J, Lemelle L, Leroux H, Leonard A, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Nittler LR, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Postberg F, Price MC, Sandford SA, Tresseras J-AS, Schmitz S, Schoonjans T, Silversmit G, Simionovici AS, Solé VA, Srama R, Stephan T, Sterken VJ, Stodolna J, Stroud RM, Sutton S, Trieloff M, Tsou P, Tsuchiyama A, Tyliszczak T, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Korff JV, Wordsworth N, Zevin D (2014) Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination II: Curating the interstellar dust collector, picokeystones, and sources of impact tracks. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 49 (9) : 1522 - 1547. doi: 10.1111/maps.12147

Gainsforth Z, Brenker FE, Simionovici AS, Schmitz S, Burghammer M, Butterworth AL, Cloetens P, Lemelle L, Tresserras J-AS, Schoonjans T, Silversmit G, Solé VA, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Westphal AJ, Allen C, Anderson D, Ansari A, Bajt S, Bastien RK, Bassim N, Bechtel HA, Borg J, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Changela H, Davis AM, Doll R, Floss C, Flynn G, Fougeray P, Frank D, Grün E, Heck PR, Hillier JK, Hoppe P, Hudson B, Huth J, Hvide B, Kearsley A, King AJ, Lai B, Leitner J, Leroux H, Leonard A, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Nittler LR, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Postberg F, Price MC, Sandford SA, Srama R, Stephan T, Sterken V, Stodolna J, Stroud RM, Sutton S, Trieloff M, Tsou P, Tsuchiyama A, Tyliszczak T, Von Korff J, Zevin D, Zolensky ME (2014) Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination VIII: Identification of crystalline material in two interstellar candidates. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 49 (9) : 1645 - 1665. doi: 10.1111/maps.12148

Grady MM, Abernethy FAJ, Verchovsky AB, King AJ, Schofield PF, Russell SS (2014) THE JBILET WINSELWAN CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITE 2. LIGHT ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY: STRENTHENING THE LINK BETWEEN CM AND CO METEORITES?. METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE 49 : A141 - A141.

King AJ, Schofield PF, Mosselmans JFW, Russell SS (2014) SPATIALY RESOLVED XRF, XRD AND Fe-XANES ANALYSIS OF FINE-GRAINED RIMS IN THE MURCHISON (CM2) METEORITE. METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE 49 : A207 - A207.

King AJ, Schofield PF, Russell SS (2014) MODAL MINERALOGY OF CM1 AND CM1/2 CHONDRITES BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION (PSD-XRD). METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE 49 : A208 - A208.

Postberg F, Hillier JK, Armes SP, Bugiel S, Butterworth A, Dupin D, Fielding LA, Fujii S, Gainsforth Z, Grün E, Li YW, Srama R, Sterken V, Stodolna J, Trieloff M, Westphal A, Achilles C, Allen C, Ansari A, Bajt S, Bassim N, Bastien RK, Bechtel HA, Borg J, Brenker F, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Burghammer M, Changela H, Cloetens P, Davis A, Doll R, Floss C, Flynn G, Frank D, Heck PR, Hoppe P, Huss G, Huth J, Kearsley A, King AJ, Lai B, Leitner J, Lemelle L, Leonard A, Leroux H, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Nittler LR, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Price MC, Sandford SA, Tressaras J-AS, Schmitz S, Schoonjans T, Schreiber K, Silversmit G, Simionovici A, Solé VA, Stadermann F, Stephan T, Stroud RM, Sutton S, Tsou P, Tsuchiyama A, Tyliczszak T, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Zevin D, Zolensky ME (2014) Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination IX: High-speed interstellar dust analog capture in Stardust flight-spare aerogel. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 49 (9) : 1666 - 1679. doi: 10.1111/maps.12173

Russell SS, King AJ, Schofield PF, Verchovsky AB, Abemethy F, Grady MM (2014) THE JBILET WINSELWAN CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITE 1. MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY: STRENTHENING THE LINK BETWEEN CM AND CO METEORITES?. METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE 49 : A349 - A349.

Simionovici AS, Lemelle L, Cloetens P, Solé VA, Tresseras J-AS, Butterworth AL, Westphal AJ, Gainsforth Z, Stodolna J, Allen C, Anderson D, Ansari A, Bajt S, Bassim N, Bastien RK, Bechtel HA, Borg J, Brenker FE, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Burghammer M, Changela H, Davis AM, Doll R, Floss C, Flynn G, Frank DR, Grün E, Heck PR, Hillier JK, Hoppe P, Hudson B, Huth J, Hvide B, Kearsley A, King AJ, Lai B, Leitner J, Leonard A, Leroux H, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Nittler LR, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Postberg F, Price MC, Sandford SA, Schmitz S, Schoonjans T, Silversmit G, Srama R, Stadermann FJ, Stephan T, Sterken VJ, Stroud RM, Sutton S, Trieloff M, Tsou P, Tsuchiyama A, Tyliszczak T, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Von Korff J, Wordsworth N, Zevin D, Zolensky ME (2014) Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination VI: Quantitative elemental analysis by synchrotron X-ray fluorescence nanoimaging of eight impact features in aerogel. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 49 (9) : 1612 - 1625. doi: 10.1111/maps.12208

Sterken VJ, Westphal AJ, Altobelli N, Grün E, Hillier JK, Postberg F, Srama R, Allen C, Anderson D, Ansari A, Bajt S, Bastien RS, Bassim N, Bechtel HA, Borg J, Brenker FE, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Burghammer M, Butterworth AL, Changela H, Cloetens P, Davis AM, Doll R, Floss C, Flynn G, Frank D, Gainsforth Z, Heck PR, Hoppe P, Hudson B, Huth J, Hvide B, Kearsley A, King AJ, Lai B, Leitner J, Lemelle L, Leroux H, Leonard A, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Nittler LR, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Price MC, Sandford SA, Tresseras J-AS, Schmitz S, Schoonjans T, Silversmit G, Simionovici A, Solé VA, Stephan T, Stodolna J, Stroud RM, Sutton S, Trieloff M, Tsou P, Tsuchiyama A, Tyliszczak T, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Korff JV, Wordsworth N, Zevin D, Zolensky ME (2014) Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination X: Impact speeds and directions of interstellar grains on the Stardust dust collector. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 49 (9) : 1680 - 1697. doi: 10.1111/maps.12219

Stroud RM, Allen C, Ansari A, Anderson D, Bajt S, Bassim N, Bastien RS, Bechtel HA, Borg J, Brenker FE, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Burghammer M, Butterworth AL, Changela H, Cloetens P, Davis AM, Doll R, Floss C, Flynn G, Frank DR, Gainsforth Z, Grün E, Heck PR, Hillier JK, Hoppe P, Huth J, Hvide B, Kearsley A, King AJ, Kotula P, Lai B, Leitner J, Lemelle L, Leroux H, Leonard A, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Nittler LR, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Postberg F, Price MC, Sandford SA, Tresseras J-AS, Schmitz S, Schoonjans T, Schreiber K, Silversmit G, Simionovici AS, Solé VA, Srama R, Stephan T, Sterken VJ, Stodolna J, Sutton S, Trieloff M, Tsou P, Tsuchiyama A, Tyliszczak T, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Westphal AJ, Von Korff J, Zevin D, Zolensky ME (2014) Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination XI: Identification and elemental analysis of impact craters on Al foils from the Stardust Interstellar Dust Collector. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 49 (9) : 1698 - 1719. doi: 10.1111/maps.12136

Westphal AJ, Anderson D, Butterworth AL, Frank DR, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Von Korff J, Zevin D, Ardizzone A, Campanile A, Capraro M, Courtney K, Criswell MN, Crumpler D, Cwik R, Gray FJ, Hudson B, Imada G, Karr J, Wah LLW, Mazzucato M, Motta PG, Rigamonti C, Spencer RC, Woodrough SB, Santoni IC, Sperry G, Terry J-N, Wordsworth N, Yahnke T, Allen C, Ansari A, Bajt S, Bastien RK, Bassim N, Bechtel HA, Borg J, Brenker FE, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Burghammer M, Changela H, Cloetens P, Davis AM, Doll R, Floss C, Flynn G, Gainsforth Z, Grün E, Heck PR, Hillier JK, Hoppe P, Huth J, Hvide B, Kearsley A, King AJ, Lai B, Leitner J, Lemelle L, Leroux H, Leonard A, Nittler LR, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Postberg F, Price MC, Sandford SA, Tresseras J-AS, Schmitz S, Schoonjans T, Silversmit G, Simionovici AS, Solé VA, Srama R, Stephan T, Sterken VJ, Stodolna J, Stroud RM, Sutton S, Trieloff M, Tsou P, Tsuchiyama A, Tyliszczak T, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Zolensky ME (2014) Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination I: Identification of tracks in aerogel. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 49 (9) : 1509 - 1521. doi: 10.1111/maps.12168

Westphal AJ, Bechtel HA, Brenker FE, Butterworth AL, Flynn G, Frank DR, Gainsforth Z, Hillier JK, Postberg F, Simionovici AS, Sterken VJ, Stroud RM, Allen C, Anderson D, Ansari A, Bajt S, Bastien RK, Bassim N, Borg J, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Burghammer M, Changela H, Cloetens P, Davis AM, Doll R, Floss C, Grün E, Heck PR, Hoppe P, Hudson B, Huth J, Hvide B, Kearsley A, King AJ, Lai B, Leitner J, Lemelle L, Leroux H, Leonard A, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Nittler LR, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Price MC, Sandford SA, Tresseras J-AS, Schmitz S, Schoonjans T, Silversmit G, Solé VA, Srama R, Stadermann F, Stephan T, Stodolna J, Sutton S, Trieloff M, Tsou P, Tsuchiyama A, Tyliszczak T, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Von Korff J, Wordsworth N, Zevin D, Zolensky ME (2014) Final reports of the Stardust Interstellar Preliminary Examination. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 49 (9) : 1720 - 1733. doi: 10.1111/maps.12221

Westphal AJ, Stroud RM, Bechtel HA, Brenker FE, Butterworth AL, Flynn GJ, Frank DR, Gainsforth Z, Hillier JK, Postberg F, Simionovici AS, Sterken VJ, Nittler LR, Allen C, Anderson D, Ansari A, Bajt S, Bastien RK, Bassim N, Bridges J, Brownlee DE, Burchell M, Burghammer M, Changela H, Cloetens P, Davis AM, Doll R, Floss C, Grün E, Heck PR, Hoppe P, Hudson B, Huth J, Kearsley A, King AJ, Lai B, Leitner J, Lemelle L, Leonard A, Leroux H, Lettieri R, Marchant W, Ogliore R, Ong WJ, Price MC, Sandford SA, Tresseras J-AS, Schmitz S, Schoonjans T, Schreiber K, Silversmit G, Solé VA, Srama R, Stadermann F, Stephan T, Stodolna J, Sutton S, Trieloff M, Tsou P, Tyliszczak T, Vekemans B, Vincze L, Von Korff J, Wordsworth N, Zevin D, Zolensky ME (2014) Evidence for interstellar origin of seven dust particles collected by the Stardust spacecraft. Science, 345 (6198) : 786 - 791. doi: 10.1126/science.1252496

KING AJ, HENKEL T, ROST D, LYON IC (2012) Trace element depth profiles in presolar silicon carbide grains. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 47 (10) : 1624 - 1643. doi: 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2012.01426.x

King A, Henkel T, Rost D, Lyon IC (2010) Determination of relative sensitivity factors during secondary ion sputtering of silicate glasses by Au⁺ , Au 2+ and Au 3+ ions. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 24 (1) : 15 - 20. doi: 10.1002/rcm.4351

King AJ, Maturilli A, Schofield P, Helbert J, Russell SA (null) THE THERMAL HISTORY OF CI AND CM CHONDRITES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO PRIMITIVE ASTEROID SURFACES. 80th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society, 237 7 - 23 7 7Meteoritics and Planetary Sciences 52 (S1) : 6220 - 6220.

King AJ, Schofield PF, Russell SS (2017) Type 1 aqueous alteration in CM carbonaceous chondrites: Implications for the evolution of water-rich asteroids. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 52 (6) : 1197 - 1215. doi: 10.1111/maps.12872

King AJ, Schofield PF, Stephen NR, Frogley MD, Cinque G, Russell SS (2018) Investigating the history of volatiles in the solar system using synchrotron infrared micro-spectroscopy. Infrared Physics & Technology, 94 : 244 - 249. doi: 10.1016/j.infrared.2018.09.020

Courses taught

Third year: Solar System Geoscience

Supervision

Doctorate (PhD) Adviser to zenie L
Co supervisor(s): Schofield P
The Evolution of Material in the Inner Solar System: Elucidating the History of Enstatite Chondrites.

Funding: STFC
1/10/2019 - on going.

Doctorate (PhD) Co-supervisor to Bonato E
Co supervisor(s): Schofield P
From Protoplanetary Dust to Asteroidal Heating: A mineralogical study of the CO3 chondrites

Funding: STFC

Doctorate (PhD) Joint supervisor to Bates H
Co supervisor(s): Russell SS
Understanding the formation and evolution of asteroids through the analysis of carbonaceous chondrite meteorites
Funding: STFC

Doctorate (PhD) Joint supervisor to Bonato E
Co supervisor(s): Russell SS
Mineralogy of Protoplanetary Dust
Funding: STFC

Invited and keynote speaker

Invited speaker, Advancing microanalysis of earth and planetary materials using SEM-EDS, CL and micro-XRF, 28th Congress of the Brazilian Society of Microscopy and Microanalysis: 13/7/2022.